Friday, July 31, 2020

Food Safety Mitra (FSM)


Food Safety Mitra: Friend of Food Safety

Food Safety Mitra (FSM) will be a golden opportunity for a student of Under Graduate, Post Graduate or Ph.D. scholar from food discipline or

Even for any science graduate.

Concept:

Friends, today we will discuss one of the important aspects or we could say an initiative from FSSAI and the initiative named as i.e. Food Safety Mitra (FSM). The scheme is launched by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (By Hon. Dr. Harsh Vardhan) on the occasion of ‘World Food Day’ on 16th Oct. 2019. The theme for the world food day is ‘Healthy Diets for a Zero Hunger World’.

If we abbreviate the FSM, here Mitra means your dear friend who can help you, assist you in your life, or during requisite. It is rightly quoted that A friend in need is a friend indeed.  With concern to the same, we could say that Food Safety Mitra (FSM) is a true friend for different Food Business Operator (FBO’s).

Introduction:

Currently, India is the second populated country in the world and would act as one of the largest food basket in the world. The Indian food industry is scattered and is comprises of organized unorganized and small scale industries. In which again the contribution from the organized sector is up to 25 %. Hence it means many food businesses are not registered to date. With an accumulated data of 32 lakh food businesses, 1.55 lakhs food safety supervisors, 600 hygiene rating, or auditing establishment. It has challenges to feed to the people on one side and opportunities to create on the other side. As a Food Authority its main focus is to convert the challenges into lying opportunities with the help of Food Safety Mitra.

India is currently at 77th position in Ease of Doing Business and wishes to be in the top 50 in the coming days.  To consider this reality FSSAI changes its approach from Regulator to Enabler.

To enable this food safety ecosystem at ground level Food Authority launches a new system i.e. Food Safety Mitra. Here, the main aim is to engage the motivated individual as a Game Changer. The information is available on the website of FSSAI.

www.fssai.gov.in/mitra

Meaning:

Food Safety Mitra: It is an individual professional certified by FSSAI and performs limited actions on behalf of or for FBO (Food Business Operator) with respect to the implementation of the Food Safety Act, Rules, and Regulations.

Role of Individuals:

1. Licensing and Registration:  Under the Eat Right India movement we want to increase the number of registered or licensed food businesses from 32 lakh to 60 lakhs. It is possible only if FBO could register/license or renew while using IT tools of FSSAI. It could be made by the FSM schemes who are the solution providers to FBO’s

2. Food Safety Training: FSSAI launched Food Safety Training and Certification Program (FoSTaC) to increase trained and certified food safety supervisors from 1.55 lakhs to 10 lakhs. They will certify as FSM through the program ‘Train the trainer’.

3. Hygiene Auditing: We are way behind in hygiene rating. Hence, according to the Eat Right India goal is to broaden such establishments to nearly 60,000 which are 600 now. To achieve the goal we plan to engage the individual with domain knowledge of FSM.

FSM: Operational Guidelines and Role Descriptions:

FSM has three-tier Structure as AVATARS.

1.  Digital Mitra: For Licensing and Registration, filing applications, filing annual returns or declarations, and others.

2. Trainer Mitra:  Food Safety Training, conducting training of food safety supervisor under FoSTaC.

3. Hygiene Mitra:  To audit hygiene of FBO outlets, hygiene guidelines, to train the food safety supervisors and handlers about safe and hygienic food handling practices. To attend the goal of hygiene and safe eating throughout India.

Here, I must suggest you one thing, rather than an individual, you act as a resource person to the different Food Business Operator to help them out.

Eligibility:

1. Digital Mitra: Age should be between 21 to 60 years and has a Bachelors's degree from a recognized university with knowledge of computers, the internet, etc.

2. Trainers Mitra: Criteria for Trainers as under FoSTaC scheme:

No.

Criteria

Basic Level

Advance Level

Special Level

1.     

Educational Qualification

Graduate in Science/ Food Science / Chemistry/ Microbiology.

If graduate in other streams a minimum of 5 years of experience in relevant food industry.

Graduate in Science/ Food Science / Chemistry/ Microbiology.

If graduate in other streams a minimum of 7 years of experience in relevant food industry.

Graduate in Science/ Food Science / Chemistry/ Microbiology.

If graduates in other streams a minimum 7 years of experience in the particular sector of the food industry.

2.     

Training & Implementation Experience

Minimum 3 Years Training on Food Safety and Hygiene (FSMS, HACCP) in the relevant food industry.

Minimum 5 Years Training on Food Safety and Hygiene (FSMS, HACCP) in the relevant food industry.

Minimum 5 Years Training and Implementation on Food Safety and Hygiene (FSMS, HACCP) in the relevant food industry.

3.     

General Training Received

 

Knowledge of FSS Rules and Regulations

4.     

Skills

Should Have good communication and Motivation skills.

Shall be available for training 20 days in a year.

 

3. Hygiene Mitra:

Age should be between 21 to 60 years. Candidates should possess Bachelors degree in Catering Technology / Hotel Management / Food / Dairy/ Fishery / Oil technology / Biotech / Agricultural Sciences/ Veterinary Sciences / Biochemistry / Microbiology from a recognized university.

In addition to that candidates must possess the knowledge of FSSAI act and Rules and Regulations, sector-specific knowledge of hygienic and sanitary practices, processing techniques, etc.  

Code of Conduct:

1. Integrity: It is the first and prime most important norm and includes helping out the FBO’s with compliance. FSM has to maintain integrity at all times:

·         Diligence at all times: during application filling, conduction hygiene audit.

·         Advising FBO’s correctly about the processes, regulatory requirement, and their liabilities.

·         Rectify the mis-declaration and non-compliance from FBO’s

·         Charging only prescribed fees from clients, against receipt.

2. Transparency: As an FSM it is mandatory to maintain transparency in their services.

·         Application filed on behalf of FBO’s: Quote their Unique Identification Number

·         Service charges communicated to FBO and Share the receipt and acknowledgments for the same.

·         Without authority, they will not use the FSSAI logo or name or represent as officers of FSSAI

3. Quality:

·         With concern to training, audit or filing of application, FSM will maintain quality standards.

·         FSM will have to ensure quality service to their FBO’s.

Renewal and Cancellation of Food Safety Mitra Certification:

The validity of FSM certification is of 02 years. At the start a security deposit of Rs. 5000/- shall be collected from FSM on a refundable basis during exit.

Here, keep in mind one thing FSM may continue to act as such unless:

·         FSM certificate is suspended or withdrawn by FSSAI.

·         The scheme is withdrawn by FSSAI

·         Non-renewal after validity expiry of FSM certificate.

In case of any complaint, FSSAI may impose penalty like suspension for a time period, cancellation of certification or debarring future registration as FSM or forfeiture of deposit.

Following are some of the grounds or reasons of cancellation of FSM certificate:

1.    If state food authority report any misconduct by FSM

2.    If FSM refuses to give a copy of the receipt to FBO’s

3.    If FSM fails to give his name and Unique Identification number in the application or return filed by him.

4.    It FSM makes repeated mistakes during filing of application or returns.

5.    Engaged in any financial irregularity, fraud.

6.    Fails to comply with the direction of FSSAI.

7.    Makes a wrong or fraudulent application or returns despite being in the know.

8.    Any act in the violation of guidelines.

9.    Fails to upgrade skills concern to FSSAI

Before, cancellation of the certificate, the Food Authority may give an opportunity to FSM to explain his or her position.

Conclusion or Summary:

1. Benefits to FSM - Employment Generation: As there are 25 lakhs FBO who spend nearly minimum Rs. 2000/ to Rs. 3000/- then the new service industry worth Rs. 500 cr. That will be a good opportunity to create their career with more leaps and bounds in the current scenario. It gives great scope for self-employment to many candidates from food discipline.

Due to self-employment opportunities, it is expected to join 50,000 entrepreneurs in Food Safety Mitra. Currently, there are 9327 digital Mitra, 4662 Trainer Mitra and 4524 Hygiene Mitra.

With concern to the same here, I will share a YouTube Video for Better Understanding of the Food Safety Mitra.


So I will suggest going for it as it yields a great future in the coming days.

2. Ease of Doing Business: With the help of FSM we are able to create a transparent, qualitative, and organized ecosystem that supports food businesses. On the website, you could able to see service providers in your nearby location with their charges.

3. Strengthening Compliance: With the help of the scheme FSSAI improves compliance environment and further move ahead for regulatory compliance.

4. Timely Resolution: The scheme acts as a timely resolution for FBO with concern to their need, applications status, training or hygiene rating, etc.

5. Empowering food safety ecosystem: Hence in nutshell we could say, Food Safety Mitra is self-driven and self-employed compliance structure that complements efforts of FSSAI and state food authority.

 

 


Tuesday, July 28, 2020

рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд╕ाрд░рдЦ्рдпा рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрддीрд▓ рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрдгि рддी рдУрд│рдЦрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЪाрдЪрдгी рдкрдж्рдзрдд

рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд╕ाрд░рдЦ्рдпा рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрддीрд▓ рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрдгि
рддी рдУрд│рдЦрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЪाрдЪрдгी рдкрдж्рдзрдд

рдЪांрдЧрд▓्рдпा рдк्рд░рддीрдЪ्рдпा рдЕрди्рдирдзाрди्рдп рдЖрдгि рдЗрддрд░ рдоाрд▓ाрдЪी рдЧुрдгрд╡рдд्рддा рдХрдоी рдХрд░рдгे рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬेрдЪ рднेрд╕рд│. рд╡िрдХ्рд░ी рдХрд░ाрд╡рдпाрдЪा рдХोрдгрддाрд╣ी рдЙрдд्рддрдо рдк्рд░рддीрдЪा рдоाрд▓ (рдд्рдпाрдд рдЗрддрд░ рдкрджाрд░्рде рдоिрд╕рд│ूрди, рдХिंрд╡ा рдд्рдпाрддीрд▓ рдХाрд░्рдпрдХाрд░ी рдШрдЯрдХ рдХाрдвूрди) рддो рдХрдиिрд╖्рдЯ рдк्рд░рддीрдЪा рдХрд░ूрди рддो рдЪांрдЧрд▓्рдпा рдк्рд░рддीрдЪाрдЪ рдЕрд╕рд▓्рдпाрдЪे рджрд░्рд╢рд╡िрдгे, рдпाрд╕ рднेрд╕рд│ рдХрд░рдгे рдЕрд╕े рдо्рд╣рдгрддाрдд.

(Kindly Use Google Translator at the Extreme Right Top for Language Selection with Marathi  to English or desired Language.)

рджैрдирджिрди рдЬीрд╡рдиाрдд рдЖрд╣ाрд░ाрддीрд▓ рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдЕрди्рди рдкрджाрд░्рдеांрдиा рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рджेрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рд╕рд░्рд╡ाрдд рдЙрдкрдпुрдХ्рдд рдШрдЯрдХ рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬे рд╕ाрдЦрд░. рдмाрдЬाрд░ाрдд рд╕ाрдЦрд░, рдЧुрд│, рдордз рдЕрд╕े рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рдЖрдгрдгाрд░े рдШрдЯрдХ рдЙрдкрд▓рдм्рдз рдЖрд╣ेрдд. рдкрд░ंрддु рдпा рд╕рд░्рд╡ांрдордз्рдпे рд╣ि рдЖрдкрдгाрд▓ा рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрдврд│рддे. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рд╣ि рджрд░рд░ोрдЬ рд╡ाрдкрд░рдг्рдпाрдЬोрдЧी рд╡рд╕्рддू рдоाрдирд▓ी рдЬाрддे, рдкрд░ंрддु рддрд░ीрд╣ी рдЖрдкрд▓्рдпाрд▓ा рдоाрдирд╡ी рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ेрд╕ाрдаी рдд्рдпाрдЪी рдЧुрдгрд╡рдд्рддा рдЖрдгि рднेрд╕рд│ рдпाрдЪी рдЦाрдд्рд░ी рдХрд░ाрд╡ी рд▓ाрдЧेрд▓. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдЖрдгि рдЗрддрд░ рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рджेрдгाрд░े рдШрдЯрдХ рдоुрдЦ्рдпрдд: рдХрди्рдлेрдХ्рд╢рдирд░ी (Confectionary) рдХ्рд╖ेрдд्рд░ाрд╕ाрдаी рдЙрдкрдпुрдХ्рдд рдЖрд╣ेрдд.

рдЕрд╢्рдпाрдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪ्рдпा рднेрд╕рд│рдпुрдХ्рдд рдЧोрдб рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрдд рд░рд╕ाрдпрдиे рдЯाрдХрдг्рдпाрдЪी рд╣ि рд╢рдХ्рдпрддा рдЕрд╕рддे. рдпाрдоुрд│े рд╢рд░ीрд░ाрд▓ा рдиाрдиाрд╡िрдз рдЕрдкाрдпрдХाрд░рдХ рд╡िрдХाрд░ рдЬрд╕े рдХि, рдпрдХृрддाрдЪे рд╡िрдХाрд░, рдкोрдЯрджुрдЦी, рдЕрди्рдиाрддूрди рд╡िрд╖рдмाрдзा, рдЙрд▓рдЯ्рдпा, рдбोрдХेрджुрдЦी, рдорд│рдорд│ рдЙрдж्рднрд╡ू рд╢рдХрддाрдд. рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдЖрдкрдгाрд▓ा рд╡ेрд│ीрдЪ рднेрд╕рд│ рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдЖрд▓ी рдкाрд╣िрдЬे, рдЬेрдгेрдХрд░ूрди рдЖрдкрд▓े рд╢рд░ीрд░ рд╕्рд╡рд╕्рде рд░ाрд╣ीрд▓. рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдпрдкрдгे рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рдЖрдгрдгाрд▒्рдпा рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрдд рдЦрдбू рдкाрд╡рдбрд░, рдзुрдг्рдпाрдЪा рд╕ोрдбा, рдкिрд╡рд│ा рд░ंрдЧ, рдпुрд░िрдпा, рдкांрдврд░ी рд╡ाрд│ू, рджрдЧрдб, рдоेрдЯॅрдиिрд▓ рдЕрд╢ा рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдШрдЯрдХांрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ рдХेрд▓ी рдЬाрддे.  

рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рд╡िрд╢्рд╡рд╕рдиीрдп рджрд░्рдЬाрдЪी рдЖрдгि рдЪांрдЧрд▓्рдпा рдЧुрдгрд╡рдд्рддेрдЪीрдЪ рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рдЖрдгрдгाрд░ी рдШрдЯрдХे рдЕрди्рди рдкрджाрд░्рдеाрдд рд╡ाрдкрд░рд▓ी рдкाрд╣िрдЬे. рддрд░ рдЪрд▓ा рдЖрддा рдЬाрдгूрди рдШेрдК, рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд╕ाрд░рдЦ्рдпा рдЧोрдбрд╡ा рдЖрдгрдгाрд▒्рдпा рдШрдЯрдХाрддीрд▓ рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрдгि рдд्рдпा рддрдкाрд╕рдгीрдЪ्рдпा рдХाрд╣ी рдЪाрдЪрдг्рдпा.

рднेрд╕рд│ рдУрд│рдЦрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЪाрдЪрдгी рдкрдж्рдзрдд

рез. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдд рдЦрдбू рдкाрд╡рдбрд░рдЪी рдХिंрд╡ा рдЪुрд▒्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ :


рдк्рд░ाрдоुрдЦ्рдпाрдиे рдЦрдбू рдкाрд╡рдбрд░рдЪा рд╡ाрдкрд░ рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдЪे рд╡рдЬрди рд╡ाрдврд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЖрдгि рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд▓ा рдЪрдХाрдХी рдоिрд│рд╡ूрди рджेрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рднेрд╕рд│рдпुрдХ्рдд рдШрдЯрдХ рдо्рд╣рдгूрди рдХेрд▓ा рдЬाрддो. рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдеोрдбी рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдШेрдКрди рддी рдПрдХा рдХाрдЪेрдЪ्рдпा рдЧ्рд▓ाрд╕ाрдордз्рдпे рд╡िрд░рдШрд│рдг्рдпाрд╕ рдаेрд╡ाрд╡ी. рдд्рдпाрдд рднेрд╕рд│ рдирд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рд╢ुрдз्рдж рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдЖрдкрдгाрд▓ा рджिрд╕ेрд▓ рдкрд░ंрддु рдЦрдбू рдкाрд╡рдбрд░рдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ рдЕрд╕рд▓्рдпाрд╕ рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдкाрдг्рдпाрдд рд╡िрд░рдШрд│ेрд▓ рдЖрдгि рдЦрдбूрдЪ्рдпा рдЪुрд░्рдпाрдЪा рдерд░ рддрд│ाрд╢ी рджिрд╕ेрд▓. рдЕрд╢ाрдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪ्рдпा рджीрд░्рдШрдХाрд▓ीрди рд╡ाрдкрд░ाрдиे рд╢्рд╡рд╕рдиाрдЪे рд╡िрдХाрд░рд╣ी рдЙрдз्рднрд╡ू рд╢рдХрддाрдд.

реи. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдд рдкिрд╡рд│рд╕рд░ рд░ंрдЧाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│:

рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдЪे рдж्рд░ाрд╡рдг рддрдпाрд░ рдХрд░ूрди рдд्рдпाрдордзीрд▓ рел рдоी рд▓ी рдж्рд░ाрд╡рдг рдЯेрд╕्рдЯрдЯ्рдпूрдмрдордз्рдпे рдШ्рдпाрд╡े. рдд्рдпाрдд рд╣ाрдпрдб्рд░ोрдХ्рд▓ोрд░िрдХ рдЖрдо्рд▓ाрдЪे рдХाрд╣ी рдеेंрдм рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рддрдпाрд░ рдоिрд╢्рд░рдгाрд▓ा рдЧुрд▓ाрдмी рд░ंрдЧ рдЖрд▓ा рдЕрд╕рддा рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рдЕрд╕े рд╕рдордЬाрд╡े.

рей. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдд рдзुрдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ोрдб्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│:

рд╣ि рднेрд╕рд│ рдЬाрдгूрди рдШेрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдПрдХा рдЯेрд╕्рдЯрдЯ्рдпूрдмрдордз्рдпे рдеोрдбी рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдШेрдКрди рдд्рдпाрд╡рд░ рддीрди рдЪाрд░ рдеेंрдм  рд╣ाрдпрдб्рд░ोрдХ्рд▓ोрд░िрдХ рдЖрдо्рд▓ рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рдЬрд░ рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдмुрдбрдмुрдбे рдЖрд▓्рдпाрд╕ рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рдзुрдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ोрдб्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рд╣े рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдпेрддे.

рек. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдордз्рдпे рд╕ॅрдХрд░िрди рдЪी рднेрд╕рд│:

рд╕ॅрдХрд░िрди рд╣ि рдПрдХ рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪी рдХृрдд्рд░िрдо рд╕ाрдЦрд░ рдЖрд╣े. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдордз्рдпे рд╕ॅрдХрд░िрди рдЪ्рдпा рдкाрдг्рдпाрдЪा рд╡ाрдкрд░ рдХेрд▓ा рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдЬिрднेрд╡рд░ рдеोрдбा рд╡ेрд│ рдЧोрдбрдкрдгा рдЬाрдгрд╡рддो, рдкрд░ंрддु рд╢ेрд╡рдЯी рдЬिрднेрд╡рд░ рдХрдбрд╡рдЯрдкрдгाрдЪी рдЪрд╡ рдпेрддे. рдХрдбрд╡рдЯ рдЪрд╡ рдЖрд▓्рдпाрд╕ рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рдЕрд╕े рд╕рдордЬाрд╡े.

рел. рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрд╕ोрдмрдд рд╕рдз्рдпा рдЧुрд│ाрдордз्рдпेрд╣ी рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрдврд│рддे.

рдЧुрд│ाрдЪा рдЦрдк рд╡ाрдврд╡рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рдоेрдЯॅрдиिрд▓ рдпा рдкिрд╡рд│рд╕рд░ рд░ंрдЧाрдЪा рд╡рдкрд░ рдХेрд▓ा рдЬाрддो. рд╣े рдУрд│рдЦрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдПрдХा рдЯेрд╕्рдЯрдЯ्рдпूрдмрдордз्рдпे рдеोрдбेрд╕े рдЧुрд│ рдШेрдКрди реи рддे рел рдоिрд▓ी рдЕрд▓्рдХोрд╣ोрд▓ рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рддे рдоिрд╢्рд░рдг рддрдпाрд░ рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрд╡рд░ рдд्рдпाрдд рео-резреж рдеेंрдм рд╣ाрдпрдб्рд░ोрдХ्рд▓ोрд░िрдХ рдЖрдо्рд▓ рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рдЬрд░ рдпा рдоिрд╢्рд░рдгाрд▓ा рдЧुрд▓ाрдмी рд░ंрдЧ рдЖрд▓ा, рддрд░ рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рдоेрдЯॅрдиिрд▓ рд╣ा рдкिрд╡рд│рд╕рд░ рд░ंрдЧ рдЕрд╕рд▓्рдпाрдЪी рдЦाрдд्рд░ी рд╣ोрддे.

рем. рдЧुрд│ाрдордз्рдпे рдзुрдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ोрдб्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│:

рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдеोрдбे рдЧुрд│ рдШेрдКрди рдд्рдпाрд╡рд░ рддीрди рдЪाрд░ рдеेंрдм  рд╣ाрдпрдб्рд░ोрдХ्рд▓ोрд░िрдХ рдЖрдо्рд▓ рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рдЬрд░ рд▓рдЧेрдЪ рдмुрдбрдмुрдбे рдЖрд▓्рдпाрд╕ рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рдзुрдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рд╕ोрдб्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рд╣े рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдпेрддे.

рдЕрд╢ाрдЪ рдк्рд░рдХाрд░े, рдЧुрд│ाрд▓ा рдЙрдЪिрдд рд░ंрдЧाрдЪा рдоुрд▓ाрдоा рджेрдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЧंрдзрдХрдпुрдХ्рдд рдЭिंрдХ рдлॉрд░्рдорд▓рдбीрд╣ाрдЗрдб рдпा рд░рд╕ाрдпрдиाрдЪा рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧ рдХेрд▓ा рдЬाрддो. рдкрд░ंрддु рдпाрдЪे рд╢ाрд░ीрд╡рд░ рдЕрдкाрдпрдХाрд░рдХ рдкрд░िрдгाрдо рд╣ोрдК рд╢рдХрддाрдд. рд╣ाрдпрдб्рд░ोрдХ्рд▓ोрд░िрдХ рдЖрдо्рд▓рдЪा рд╡ाрдкрд░ рдХрд░ूрди рд╣ि рднेрд╕рд│ рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдпेрддे.

рен. рдордзाрдордз्рдпे рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ :

рдпा рдЪाрдЪрдгीрд╕ाрдаी рдПрдХा рдХाрдЪेрдЪ्рдпा рдЧ्рд▓ाрд╕ाрдордз्рдпे рдкाрдгी рдШेрдКрди рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рдордзाрдЪे рдХाрд╣ी рдеेंрдм рдЯाрдХाрд╡े. рдЬрд░ рддे рдордз рд╢ुрдж्рдз рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдкाрдг्рдпाрдд рд╡िрдЦुрд░рд▓े рдЬाрдгाрд░ рдиाрд╣ी. рдЖрдгि, рдЬрд░ рддे рд╡िрдЦुрд░рд▓े рдЧेрд▓े рддрд░ рдд्рдпाрдордз्рдпे рд╕ाрдЦрд░ेрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рдЕрд╕े рд╕рдордЬाрд╡े.

рео. рдордзाрдордз्рдпे рдЧुрд│ाрдЪ्рдпा рдкाрдг्рдпाрдЪी рднेрд╕рд│:

рдЕрд╢ाрдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪी рднेрд╕рд│рд╣ि рдЖрдкрдгाрд▓ा рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдпेрддे. рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдХाрдкрд╕ाрдЪी рд╡ाрдд рдордзाрдд рднिрдЬрд╡ूрди рддी рдкेрдЯрд╡рд▓ी рдЕрд╕рддा рдЬрд░ рд╡ाрдд рддрдбрддрдбрд▓ी рддрд░ рдд्рдпाрдд рднेрд╕рд│ рдЖрд╣े рдЕрд╕े рд╕рдордЬाрд╡े. рдЖрдгि рдЬрд░ рд╡ाрдЯ рддेрд╡рдд рд░ाрд╣िрд▓ी рддрд░ рдордз рд╢ुрдз्рдж рдк्рд░рддीрдЪे рдЖрд╣े рд╣े рдУрд│рдЦрддा рдпेрддे.

реп. рд╢ुрдз्рдж рдордзाрд╕ाрдаी рдкेрдкрд░ рдЪाрдЪрдгी :

рдпाрдд рдордзाрдЪे рдХाрд╣ी рдеेंрдм рдкेрдкрд░ рдо्рд╣рдгрдЬेрдЪ рдХाрдЧрджाрд╡рд░ рдЯाрдХा рдЖрдгि рддो рддрд╕ाрдЪ рдХाрд╣ी рд╡ेрд│ рд░ाрд╣ू рдж्рдпा. рдордзाрдЪी рдЧुрдгрд╡рдд्рддा рдЪांрдЧрд▓ी рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдХाрдЧрдж рднिрдЬрдгाрд░ рдиाрд╣ी рдХाрд░рдг рдордзाрдд рдкाрдг्рдпाрдЪा рдЕंрд╢ рдЕрддिрд╢рдп рдХрдоी рдЕрд╕рддो. рдкрдг рднेрд╕рд│ рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдХाрдЧрдж рднिрдЬेрд▓.

резреж. рдЕрд▓्рдпुрдоिрдиिрдЕрдордЪा рдШाрддрдХ рд╡рд░्рдЦ:

рд╡िрд╡िрдз рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪ्рдпा рдоिрдаाрдИрдЪी рдкॅрдХिंрдЧ рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी рдЪांрджीрдЪ्рдпा рдЦрд░्рдЪिрдХ рдЕрд╢ा рд╡рд░्рдЦाрдРрд╡рдЬी рдЕрд▓्рдпुрдоिрдиिрдЕрдордЪा рд╡рд░्рдЦ рдоोрда्рдпा рдк्рд░рдоाрдгाрд╡рд░ рд╡ाрдкрд░рд▓े рдЬाрддे.

рд╣े рддрдкाрд╕рдг्рдпाрд╕ाрдаी, рд╣ा рд╡рд░्рдЦ рд╡ेрдЧрд│ा рдХрд░ूрди рдоंрдж рдЖрдЪेрд╡рд░ рдаेрд╡ाрд╡े. рд╡рд░्рдЦ рдЪांрджीрдЪा рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рдд्рдпाрдЪा рдмाрд░ीрдХ рдЕрд╕ा рдЧोрд│ा рдмрдирддो. рдкрдг рддो рдЕрд▓ुрдоिрдиिрдЕрдордЪा рдЕрд╕ेрд▓ рддрд░ рддो рд▓ाрдЧрд▓ीрдЪ рдЬрд│ूрди рдд्рдпाрдЪी рд░ाрдЦ рдмрдирддे рдЖрдгि рднेрд╕рд│ рдЭाрд▓्рдпाрдЪे рдЙрдШрдб рд╣ोрддे.

рдоिрдд्рд░ांрдиो, рдЕрд╢ाрдк्рд░рдХाрд░े рдпोрдЧ्рдп рд╕ाрд╡рдзрдирддा рдмाрд│рдЧрд▓्рдпाрдиे рдЖрдкрдг рд╣ोрдгाрд▒्рдпा рднेрд╕рд│ीрдкाрд╕ूрди рд╕्рд╡рддःрд▓ा рд╡ाрдЪрд╡ू рд╢рдХрддो.

рдбॉ. рдЬाрдЬू рд░ाрдоेрд╢्рд╡рд░

рд╕рд╣ाрдп्рдпрдХ рдк्рд░ाрдз्рдпाрдкрдХ,

      рдЕрди्рдирд╡्рдпрд╡рд╕ाрдп рд╡्рдпрд╡рд╕्рдеाрдкрди рд╡िрднाрдЧ